Table of contents:
Overview of BMW SUVs
BMW’s SUV lineup is a testament to the brand’s commitment to performance, luxury, and technology. From compact versatility to full-size capability, the range caters to a diverse clientele. This overview details the key models, highlighting design and engineering distinctions, and providing a price comparison.
The BMW SUV portfolio encompasses a range of vehicles designed to appeal to various customer needs and preferences. Each model, from the entry-level X3 to the flagship X7, is meticulously engineered to combine athletic handling with sophisticated interior appointments.
BMW SUV Models
The BMW SUV range offers a diverse selection of models, each with unique features and capabilities. The models differ significantly in size, performance, and interior space, reflecting the diverse needs of their target market.
| Model Name | Year Introduced | Engine Options | Price Range (USD) |
|---|---|---|---|
| X3 | 2010 | 2.0L Turbocharged 4-cylinder, 3.0L Turbocharged 6-cylinder, plug-in hybrid options | $40,000 – $55,000 |
| X5 | 1999 | 3.0L Turbocharged 6-cylinder, 4.4L Twin-Turbo V8, plug-in hybrid options | $60,000 – $85,000 |
| X7 | 2018 | 3.0L Turbocharged 6-cylinder, 4.4L Twin-Turbo V8, plug-in hybrid options | $80,000 – $110,000 |
Key Design and Engineering Differences
The design and engineering differences between BMW SUVs are notable, particularly in terms of size, performance, and interior space. The X3, for instance, is a compact SUV designed for maneuverability and efficiency, while the X7 prioritizes spaciousness and luxury.
The X3 exhibits a more compact and agile design, reflecting its focus on everyday driving. The X5, in contrast, balances a refined driving experience with increased interior space and cargo capacity. The X7 embodies a more luxurious and spacious experience, featuring ample seating for seven passengers. The engineering differences extend to the powertrain options, with each model offering a selection of engines tailored to its intended use case.
Engine and Performance Specifications
Engine options vary across the models, offering a spectrum of performance characteristics. The X3 typically features more fuel-efficient engines, while the X7 often boasts more powerful options for a commanding driving experience. These differences directly correlate to the desired driving dynamics and performance characteristics of each model.
Performance and Features
BMW SUVs boast a compelling blend of performance and luxury, catering to diverse driving preferences. From the exhilarating acceleration of the X5 M to the refined comfort of the X3, each model offers a unique driving experience. Understanding the specific performance specifications and available features is crucial for selecting the ideal BMW SUV.
Performance Specifications
Various BMW SUVs exhibit different powertrain options, impacting acceleration and overall performance. The horsepower and torque outputs vary significantly across models, reflecting the diverse needs and preferences of potential buyers. This section details the performance characteristics of different BMW SUV models.
| Model | Engine | Horsepower | Torque | 0-60 mph (estimated) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMW X3 | 2.0L Turbocharged I4 | 248 hp | 258 lb-ft | 6.5 sec |
| BMW X5 | 3.0L Turbocharged I6 | 335 hp | 332 lb-ft | 5.7 sec |
| BMW X6 | 3.0L Turbocharged I6 | 335 hp | 332 lb-ft | 5.8 sec |
| BMW X7 | 3.0L Turbocharged I6 | 335 hp | 332 lb-ft | 6.2 sec |
The table above provides a general comparison of key performance metrics. Specific figures may vary depending on the trim level and optional equipment. For instance, the X5 M, a high-performance variant, will likely have significantly higher horsepower and torque values, resulting in substantially quicker acceleration times.
Standard and Optional Features
BMW SUVs are known for their comprehensive array of standard and optional features. Standard features often include advanced driver-assistance systems, premium infotainment systems, and comfortable seating arrangements. Optional features can further enhance the driving experience, including advanced safety technology, luxurious interior amenities, and high-performance suspension systems.
- Technology: BMW’s infotainment systems are known for their intuitive interfaces and integration with smartphones. Models like the X7 often include a large touchscreen display and advanced connectivity options. Optional packages often expand these features with wireless charging, augmented reality navigation, and enhanced connectivity packages.
- Safety: Standard safety features in BMW SUVs often include lane departure warning, automatic emergency braking, and adaptive cruise control. Optional packages can include features like blind-spot monitoring and surround-view cameras, offering more comprehensive protection and driver assistance.
- Comfort: BMW SUVs are designed with comfort in mind. Standard features like heated seats, adjustable driver’s seats, and premium sound systems contribute to a pleasant driving experience. Optional packages often include massaging seats, advanced climate control systems, and panoramic sunroofs, enhancing comfort and luxury.
Driving Experience
The driving experience varies across different BMW SUV models, influenced by factors such as handling, ride quality, and responsiveness. The X3 offers a more agile and responsive feel, suitable for spirited driving on winding roads. The X7 prioritizes comfort and spaciousness, providing a smoother and more refined ride experience. The X5 strikes a balance between agility and comfort, offering a versatile driving experience for various conditions.
- Handling: The handling characteristics are largely influenced by the specific model’s suspension and drivetrain. The X3’s suspension tends to be more responsive and agile, offering a tighter and more engaging driving experience. The X7’s focus on stability and comfort results in a more controlled and predictable feel. These characteristics are often reflected in the car’s performance on the road.
- Ride Quality: Ride quality is a crucial aspect of the overall driving experience. The X3 often delivers a firm but controlled ride, while the X7’s suspension prioritizes comfort and smooth transitions over sharp turns, offering a more relaxed ride. The X5 generally offers a balanced compromise between comfort and responsiveness.
- Responsiveness: The responsiveness of the acceleration and handling are closely related to the powertrain and suspension. The X3 exhibits a quicker response time due to its lighter weight and more responsive drivetrain, making it feel more agile and responsive. The X7’s powertrain and suspension work together to provide a more measured and refined response, emphasizing a comfortable and smooth experience.
Design and Styling
BMW SUVs are renowned for their distinctive design language, blending athleticism with luxury. Their exterior aesthetics often incorporate aggressive lines and sculpted surfaces, while the interiors prioritize premium materials and sophisticated layouts. This approach differentiates them from competitors, aiming to appeal to a discerning clientele seeking both performance and style.
The design language of BMW SUVs is consistently evolving, reflecting contemporary trends while maintaining the brand’s core identity. This commitment to innovation and aesthetic refinement allows BMW to maintain a strong position in the luxury SUV market. Each model boasts unique design cues, differentiating it from other models in the lineup and competitors.
Exterior Design
BMW SUVs exhibit a strong emphasis on aerodynamic efficiency and muscularity. The front end often features large kidney grilles, a signature BMW element, paired with distinctive headlights that vary in design depending on the specific model. Sculpted hood lines and pronounced wheel arches contribute to a powerful and athletic stance. Tail lights typically feature LED technology and incorporate intricate patterns that complement the overall aesthetic. The use of high-quality materials and precise detailing on the exterior panels further enhance the premium feel.
Interior Design
The interiors of BMW SUVs are meticulously crafted, prioritizing both functionality and luxury. High-quality materials such as leather, wood trim, and aluminum are commonly used, creating a sophisticated and inviting atmosphere. The instrument panel often features a digital display, integrating technology seamlessly into the cabin. Interior layouts emphasize spaciousness and ergonomic design, providing comfort for occupants. The controls and switches are typically well-placed and intuitive to use, ensuring a comfortable and efficient driving experience.
Model-Specific Design Cues
The unique design cues distinguish each BMW SUV model. The X5, for example, is characterized by its powerful stance and squared-off lines. The X6, with its coupe-like profile, emphasizes a sportier and more aggressive aesthetic. The X7 boasts a larger and more imposing presence, reflecting its expansive interior space. The X3 exhibits a more compact and agile design, focusing on a more accessible and dynamic driving experience. The X1 is noted for its youthful design and practical features. The BMW iX, an all-electric SUV, showcases a more futuristic and avant-garde design, featuring distinctive lighting signatures and unique bodywork.
Comparison with Competitors
BMW SUVs often stand out from competitors through their blend of performance and refined aesthetics. While competitors like Mercedes-Benz and Audi offer comparable luxury, BMW’s distinctive styling cues and emphasis on athleticism often appeal to a specific customer base. Land Rover, with its focus on ruggedness and off-road capabilities, differentiates itself through its boxy design and robust build. Porsche, on the other hand, focuses on a sportier and more dynamic aesthetic. Each brand appeals to different tastes, reflecting its unique design philosophy.
Distinguishing Features of Each Model
| Model | Distinguishing Exterior Features | Distinguishing Interior Features |
|---|---|---|
| X5 | Powerful stance, squared-off lines, large kidney grilles | Spacious cabin, high-quality materials, ergonomic design |
| X6 | Coupe-like profile, aggressive styling, distinctive roofline | Sleek interior, sporty seating arrangements, premium materials |
| X7 | Large and imposing presence, robust design elements | Extraordinarily spacious cabin, luxurious appointments, sophisticated controls |
| X3 | Compact and agile design, dynamic styling | Practical and well-organized layout, comfortable seating, premium features |
| X1 | Youthful and accessible design, contemporary styling | Practical interior, user-friendly controls, comfortable seating for everyday use |
| iX | Futuristic design, avant-garde styling, unique lighting signatures | Modern interior, innovative technology integration, eco-conscious design elements |
Technology and Connectivity
BMW SUVs boast a sophisticated suite of infotainment systems and connectivity features, constantly evolving to enhance the driving experience. These systems integrate seamlessly with the vehicle’s design and performance, providing drivers with intuitive control and access to a wealth of information and entertainment. This focus on cutting-edge technology sets BMW SUVs apart in the luxury SUV segment.
Infotainment Systems Overview
BMW’s infotainment systems in SUVs are renowned for their user-friendly interfaces and comprehensive functionality. Modern systems typically feature large touchscreens, intuitive menus, and integrated navigation. The systems also offer voice control, enabling hands-free operation of various functions. The advancements in infotainment reflect BMW’s commitment to providing a premium driving experience that integrates seamlessly with modern life.
Evolution of Technology Features
BMW has consistently enhanced the technology features in its SUV models across generations. Early models introduced basic infotainment systems, often with simpler navigation and connectivity options. Subsequent generations have seen significant advancements, including larger touchscreens, more powerful processors, and sophisticated smartphone integration. These improvements have enhanced the user experience and provided drivers with more sophisticated features and functionalities.
Connectivity Options
BMW SUVs offer a wide range of connectivity options, ensuring drivers stay connected on the go. These include smartphone integration via Apple CarPlay and Android Auto, enabling seamless access to apps and navigation. Wi-Fi hotspots are also available in many models, providing internet access for passengers. The integration of these technologies reflects a commitment to providing convenient and efficient connectivity.
Table of Infotainment Features and Connectivity Options
| Model | Infotainment Features | Connectivity Options | Year Introduced |
|---|---|---|---|
| X3 (First Generation) | Basic touchscreen display, limited navigation, audio controls | Limited smartphone integration, basic Bluetooth connectivity | 2003-2010 |
| X5 (First Generation) | Larger touchscreen display, advanced navigation | Bluetooth connectivity, USB ports, some smartphone integration | 1999-2006 |
| X5 (Third Generation) | Full-color display, more sophisticated navigation and entertainment options | Apple CarPlay, Android Auto, Wi-Fi hotspot, advanced connectivity features | 2013-2018 |
| X7 | Large touchscreen, advanced driver-assistance systems, highly customizable displays | Enhanced smartphone integration, advanced navigation features, internet connectivity, advanced wireless connectivity | 2018-present |
Safety and Driving Assistance
BMW SUVs prioritize driver and passenger safety, incorporating advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) and robust safety features across their lineup. This commitment to safety extends to a range of technologies, enhancing both active and passive safety measures. Different models offer varying levels of sophistication in these systems, reflecting their diverse positioning and intended use cases.
BMW’s commitment to safety extends beyond the core features, encompassing a comprehensive suite of technologies aimed at preventing accidents and mitigating their impact. The integration of advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) contributes significantly to the overall safety profile of their SUVs, demonstrating a proactive approach to accident avoidance.
Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS)
BMW SUVs are equipped with a suite of ADAS features designed to enhance safety and driving experience. These features assist drivers in various situations, from maintaining lane position to preventing collisions. Different models boast varying levels of sophistication in these systems, reflecting the models’ diverse positioning and intended use cases.
Safety Features and Technologies in BMW SUV Models
BMW offers a comprehensive range of safety features across its SUV models. These features are meticulously designed to prevent accidents, mitigate their impact, and improve overall driving experience. Examples include automatic emergency braking (AEB), lane departure warning (LDW), adaptive cruise control (ACC), and blind spot monitoring (BSM). The sophistication of these features varies based on the specific model and year.
Comparison of Safety Ratings and Crash Test Results
Independent crash test results from organizations like the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) provide valuable insights into the safety performance of BMW SUVs. These ratings assess the vehicle’s structural integrity and occupant protection in various collision scenarios. Comparison of these ratings across different models helps understand the variations in safety performance based on specific features and design characteristics. This comparison often shows a positive correlation between the incorporation of advanced safety technologies and improved crash test results.
Safety Features Table
| Safety Feature | Model | Year of Introduction |
|---|---|---|
| Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) | X5 | 2019 |
| Lane Departure Warning (LDW) | X3 | 2018 |
| Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) | X7 | 2020 |
| Blind Spot Monitoring (BSM) | X6 | 2017 |
| Parking Assistant | X3, X5, X7 | 2018 onwards |
| Rear Cross-Traffic Alert | X5, X7 | 2019 |
Pricing and Value
BMW’s SUV lineup offers a diverse range of models, each with a unique price point and value proposition. The pricing strategy is designed to appeal to a broad spectrum of buyers, from those seeking entry-level luxury to those desiring top-of-the-line performance and technology. Understanding the value proposition of each model, considering features and competitor comparisons, is crucial for informed purchasing decisions.
Pricing Strategies for BMW SUV Models
BMW employs a tiered pricing structure, reflecting the varying features, technology, and performance levels across its SUV models. This strategy aims to cater to different budgets and preferences, from entry-level models like the X1 to the premium performance of the X7. The price point for each model is a direct reflection of its specification and the level of luxury offered.
Value Proposition Compared to Competitors
BMW SUVs compete with established luxury brands such as Mercedes-Benz and Audi, as well as more affordable luxury options. The value proposition of a BMW SUV lies in the blend of performance, refined design, advanced technology, and the established reputation of the brand. Key differentiating factors often include specific engine options, enhanced interior materials, and advanced driver-assistance systems. The value offered by each model is meticulously assessed in comparison to competitor vehicles, highlighting the unique advantages each model brings to the market.
Feature Breakdown by Price Range
The features included in each price range are crucial for understanding the value offered. Different trim levels offer progressively more sophisticated features, enhancing the overall experience and luxury. For example, the entry-level models often include standard features like leather upholstery and advanced infotainment systems, while higher trims may incorporate premium materials, advanced driver-assistance features, and performance-enhancing options.
Detailed Price Breakdown Table
This table provides a detailed overview of the pricing and key features for various BMW SUV models and trim levels.
| Model | Trim Level | Price (USD) | Key Included Features |
|---|---|---|---|
| BMW X1 | xDrive28i | $40,000 | 18-inch alloy wheels, leatherette seats, Apple CarPlay/Android Auto, automatic climate control, LED headlights |
| BMW X3 | xDrive30i | $50,000 | 19-inch alloy wheels, leather seats, advanced driver-assistance features (adaptive cruise control, lane departure warning), panoramic sunroof, navigation system |
| BMW X5 | xDrive45e | $65,000 | 20-inch alloy wheels, premium leather interior, advanced infotainment system, heated seats, surround-view camera, electric all-wheel drive |
| BMW X7 | M60i | $85,000 | 22-inch alloy wheels, advanced driver-assistance package, high-performance engine, luxury seating with massage function, panoramic sunroof, premium sound system |
Customer Reviews and Ownership Experiences
Customer reviews provide valuable insights into the real-world experience of owning a BMW SUV. They offer a perspective beyond the specifications and marketing materials, revealing strengths and weaknesses often overlooked in a manufacturer’s presentation. Understanding customer feedback is crucial for potential buyers, allowing them to make informed decisions that align with their individual needs and expectations.
Common Customer Feedback on BMW SUVs
Customer reviews consistently highlight both positive and negative aspects of BMW SUVs. This feedback is diverse and multifaceted, spanning various models and aspects of ownership. Positive comments often center around the driving experience, while negative feedback frequently addresses maintenance costs and certain technological features.
Positive Customer Feedback by Model
- The X5, frequently praised for its powerful engine options and refined handling, receives positive comments about its driving dynamics. Many owners note the car’s luxurious interior and spacious cabin, making it ideal for families or those seeking a comfortable and capable SUV.
- The X6, known for its distinctive styling and sporty character, receives consistent praise for its responsive handling and engaging driving experience. Owners often appreciate the unique design aesthetic and the vehicle’s ability to blend sportiness with practicality.
- The X7, a larger SUV, receives compliments for its spacious interior and high-end features. Comments often focus on the vehicle’s versatility, its ability to comfortably accommodate passengers and cargo, and the luxurious ambiance of the cabin.
Negative Customer Feedback by Model
- Several X5 owners express concerns about the high cost of maintenance, especially for more advanced or specialized services. Some reports also indicate potential issues with certain electronic components, such as infotainment systems. However, these issues seem to be relatively rare compared to the positive feedback.
- Some X6 owners mention the car’s higher-than-average fuel consumption compared to other SUVs in its class. Additionally, there are reports about the difficulty in parking due to the vehicle’s larger size and aggressive styling.
- The X7’s large size, while praised by some for its spaciousness, also raises concerns about fuel efficiency for some owners. Furthermore, certain owners report encountering difficulties with the complex infotainment system, particularly with navigation features and connectivity.
Long-Term Reliability and Maintenance Costs
BMW SUVs, while generally reliable, have shown variations in long-term maintenance costs across models. The X5, for example, has been noted for its higher maintenance costs compared to the X6 and X7. This can be attributed to factors like the presence of more advanced features and the potential for specialized maintenance requirements. The cost of repairs for complex components or electronic systems can significantly influence the long-term ownership experience. Maintenance costs vary depending on factors like driving habits, climate conditions, and the specific model.
Customer Feedback Summary Table
| Model | Positive Feedback | Negative Feedback |
|---|---|---|
| X5 | Powerful engine, refined handling, luxurious interior, spacious cabin. | High maintenance costs, potential issues with electronic components. |
| X6 | Responsive handling, engaging driving experience, unique design. | Higher-than-average fuel consumption, parking difficulties. |
| X7 | Spacious interior, high-end features, versatility. | Fuel efficiency concerns, complex infotainment system issues. |
Market Positioning and Competition
BMW’s SUV lineup targets a diverse range of consumers, each model tailored to specific needs and preferences. From the entry-level X1 to the high-performance X7, the brand offers a spectrum of options, catering to different lifestyles and budgets. Understanding BMW’s target market for each model, along with its key competitors, is crucial for evaluating its market positioning.
BMW’s success in the SUV segment is heavily reliant on its ability to maintain a balance between performance, luxury, and technology, while also staying competitive in a crowded market. Competitors like Audi, Mercedes-Benz, and Land Rover pose significant challenges, demanding BMW to continuously innovate and adapt its offerings to remain a leader in the segment.
Target Audiences for BMW SUVs
BMW’s SUV models are meticulously positioned to attract specific demographics. The X1, for instance, aims at young professionals and families seeking a blend of practicality and style. The X3 targets a slightly older demographic, often with a focus on adventure and outdoor activities. The X5, a step up in size and luxury, appeals to affluent individuals seeking a balance between performance and comfort. The X7 caters to a high-end market, offering unparalleled space and premium features for families and those seeking luxury in a large SUV.
Key Competitors for BMW SUVs
BMW faces intense competition across its SUV lineup. The Audi Q3, Q5, and Q7 directly compete with the X1, X3, and X5, respectively. Mercedes-Benz’s GLC-Class, GLE-Class, and GLS-Class SUVs are formidable rivals to the X3, X5, and X7. Other notable competitors include Land Rover’s Discovery Sport, Range Rover Sport, and Range Rover models. The diverse nature of competitors requires a tailored understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of each BMW model in comparison to their rivals.
Strengths and Weaknesses of BMW SUVs Compared to Competitors
BMW SUVs generally excel in performance, handling, and interior design. Their engines are renowned for their power and efficiency. However, some models, particularly the higher-end ones, can be more expensive than comparable offerings from competitors. Similarly, some competitors might offer more features for a comparable price point. The X1, for instance, might fall short in cargo space compared to certain rivals.
Comparative Analysis of Key Features and Pricing
| Feature | BMW X3 | Mercedes-Benz GLE | Audi Q5 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Engine | 2.0L Turbocharged 4-cylinder | 3.0L Turbocharged 6-cylinder | 2.0L Turbocharged 4-cylinder |
| Horsepower | 248 hp | 362 hp | 248 hp |
| 0-60 mph (seconds) | 6.3 | 5.5 | 6.0 |
| Starting Price (USD) | $45,000 | $58,000 | $48,000 |
| Interior Space | Good for 5 | Good for 5 | Good for 5 |
| Fuel Economy (mpg) | 22 | 20 | 21 |
This table provides a concise overview of key specifications for a few key competitors. Variations in features and prices exist depending on specific trims and options. Thorough research into specific models and configurations is essential for informed decision-making.
Future Trends and Innovations
BMW’s SUV lineup is poised for significant evolution in the coming years, driven by a confluence of technological advancements and shifting consumer preferences. The company will likely focus on integrating cutting-edge technologies to enhance performance, safety, and sustainability, while maintaining its renowned luxury and design ethos. The future of BMW SUVs will be characterized by increased electrification, advanced driver-assistance systems, and personalized user experiences.
Autonomous Driving Capabilities
BMW is actively researching and developing autonomous driving technologies. These advancements will likely integrate into the SUV models, enabling features like automated parking, lane keeping assistance, and potentially higher levels of autonomous driving. The introduction of semi-autonomous and fully autonomous features will be gradual, starting with features like adaptive cruise control and parking assistance, gradually advancing to more complex functionalities. BMW’s approach will likely prioritize safety and user comfort in the implementation of these technologies.
Electrification and Hybrid Powertrains
The automotive industry is experiencing a rapid transition towards electrification. BMW will likely accelerate the integration of electric and hybrid powertrains into its SUV lineup. This trend is driven by evolving environmental regulations and consumer demand for sustainable vehicles. Expect to see a wider range of electrified powertrain options, from mild-hybrid systems to fully electric models. The future BMW SUVs might feature all-electric models, alongside plug-in hybrid variations for enhanced performance and reduced emissions.
Advanced Materials and Lightweight Design
BMW is committed to improving the efficiency and performance of its vehicles. This includes exploring innovative materials and lightweight design principles. The use of advanced materials like carbon fiber and aluminum alloys, combined with optimized vehicle architectures, will contribute to improved fuel economy, enhanced handling, and reduced emissions. This approach allows BMW to strike a balance between performance and environmental responsibility.
Personalized User Experiences
Future BMW SUVs will likely feature sophisticated infotainment systems capable of delivering highly personalized user experiences. These systems will integrate seamlessly with smartphones and other devices, allowing drivers and passengers to customize settings and access information in intuitive ways. Advanced personalization features may include customizable interior lighting, climate control, and infotainment systems, tailored to individual preferences.
Enhanced Safety and Driver-Assistance Systems
The focus on safety and driver assistance will continue to be a key priority. Expect more advanced features, such as augmented reality displays, predictive safety systems, and even more sophisticated accident avoidance technologies. The integration of real-time data analysis and predictive algorithms will improve the efficiency of these systems, enhancing overall safety and reducing the likelihood of accidents.
Potential Future Features and Technologies
- Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS): Features like enhanced lane departure warning, adaptive cruise control with stop-and-go capability, and advanced parking assistance systems will be standard in future models. This will enhance safety and ease of driving.
- Fully Electric Powertrains: The introduction of fully electric models will be a significant step in BMW’s commitment to sustainability. These models will feature cutting-edge battery technology, providing long range and quick charging capabilities.
- Enhanced Connectivity: Expect even more seamless integration of in-car technology with mobile devices, including features such as over-the-air updates, advanced smartphone integration, and personalized concierge services.
- Autonomous Driving Features: The integration of Level 2 and potentially Level 3 autonomous driving features will be gradual, starting with features like automated parking and adaptive cruise control, advancing to more complex functionalities over time.
- Personalized Interior Experiences: Customization options will extend beyond the exterior, with features like adjustable ambient lighting, personalized climate control, and interactive displays tailored to individual preferences.