How Is the Used Car Market? A Comprehensive Look

Used Car Market Overview

The used car market is experiencing a period of significant transformation, driven by a complex interplay of economic forces and evolving consumer preferences. Fluctuations in demand, supply chain disruptions, and fluctuating interest rates are all contributing to a dynamic environment where pricing strategies and market trends are constantly shifting. Understanding these nuances is crucial for both consumers and businesses operating within this sector.

Current Market State

The used car market currently displays a mix of challenges and opportunities. Inventory levels remain a key concern in some segments, leading to competitive pricing in certain areas, while others are seeing price increases due to demand outstripping supply. This imbalance directly impacts consumer purchasing power and market stability.

Influencing Factors

Several key factors are shaping the current state of the used car market. Economic downturns and rising interest rates often lead to reduced consumer spending, affecting demand. Supply chain disruptions, particularly those related to semiconductor shortages, have constrained new car production, which in turn affects the availability of used cars, as fewer new vehicles are entering the market. Additionally, consumer preferences for specific makes and models play a vital role in driving demand and pricing.

Key Market Trends

Several key trends are emerging in the used car market. The rise of online marketplaces and digital platforms has revolutionized how consumers discover and purchase used cars. This shift has increased transparency and competition, allowing consumers to compare prices and options more easily. Furthermore, a growing focus on sustainability and environmental consciousness is influencing consumer choices, potentially driving demand for specific used vehicles with lower emissions.

Major Players

The used car market is dominated by established dealerships, online marketplaces, and independent sellers. Major online marketplaces have seen rapid growth, providing a wider reach for both buyers and sellers. Established dealerships continue to play a significant role, particularly in providing financing and service options. The presence of independent sellers, often operating on a smaller scale, adds to the overall market complexity.

Impact of Economic Factors

Economic factors significantly impact the used car market. Recessions, for instance, often lead to reduced consumer spending and a corresponding decrease in demand for used vehicles. Conversely, periods of economic growth tend to boost demand and potentially drive prices upward. Interest rates play a crucial role as well; higher interest rates typically make financing a car more expensive, which can deter consumers and potentially cool down the market.

Price Fluctuations (Past Year)

Make and Model	Average Price (Beginning of Year)	Average Price (End of Year)	Price Change (%)
Toyota Camry (2018)	$18,500	$19,200	+3.8%
Honda Civic (2017)	$15,800	$16,500	+4.4%
Ford Focus (2016)	$12,000	$12,500	+4.2%
Chevrolet Silverado (2019)	$28,000	$29,500	+5.4%
Nissan Altima (2018)	$17,000	$17,800	+4.7%

Note: Average prices are estimates based on aggregated data from various sources and may not reflect individual experiences. Specific fluctuations may vary depending on location and individual vehicle condition.

Supply and Demand Dynamics

The used car market has been significantly impacted by an imbalance between supply and demand, leading to price volatility and challenges for both buyers and sellers. This dynamic interplay of factors has shaped the market’s trajectory, requiring a nuanced understanding of the contributing elements.

The current used car market experiences a notable disparity between the available supply and the consumer demand. This imbalance is a complex phenomenon driven by various forces, including manufacturing disruptions, consumer preferences, and government policies. Understanding these contributing factors is critical to comprehending the market’s current state and potential future trends.

Current Supply and Demand Imbalance

The used car market is currently experiencing a supply shortage, with demand exceeding available inventory. This phenomenon has been particularly pronounced in specific vehicle segments, leading to increased prices and challenges for consumers seeking to purchase a used car. The supply chain disruptions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic played a crucial role in diminishing the supply of new vehicles, impacting the used car market indirectly.

Factors Contributing to Fluctuations

Several factors influence the supply and demand fluctuations in the used car market. These factors include:

• Manufacturing Disruptions: Significant disruptions in the global automotive manufacturing sector have reduced the production of new vehicles, leading to a decreased supply of used cars available for sale.
• Consumer Preferences: Shifts in consumer preferences towards specific vehicle types or features can influence demand and affect the prices of those particular models.
• Government Policies: Government regulations, such as emissions standards and incentives for electric vehicles, can directly or indirectly impact the supply and demand dynamics within the used car market.
• Economic Conditions: The state of the economy, including factors such as inflation and interest rates, can influence consumer spending habits, impacting demand for used vehicles.

Impact of Government Policies

Government policies play a significant role in shaping the supply and demand landscape of the used car market. For example, policies promoting electric vehicle adoption can impact the demand for certain used car models and potentially affect the supply of used gasoline-powered vehicles. Tax incentives for electric vehicles can increase demand and create a scarcity of these vehicles in the used market.

Impact on Different Market Segments

The supply and demand imbalance affects various market segments differently.

• Luxury Vehicles: Luxury used cars often experience higher demand than supply, leading to increased prices in this segment. The scarcity of certain luxury models can drive up their resale values significantly.
• Economy Vehicles: Demand for used economy vehicles tends to be more stable, though supply constraints can still affect availability and pricing.
• Specific Makes and Models: The popularity and desirability of specific makes and models significantly influence the demand and pricing in those segments. For example, highly sought-after vintage vehicles often command premium prices, even in a market with generally low supply.

Supply and Demand Ratio for Different Vehicle Types

The following table illustrates the supply and demand ratio for different vehicle types in the used car market. Note that these are approximate ratios and can fluctuate based on the factors discussed above.

Vehicle Type	Estimated Supply	Estimated Demand	Supply/Demand Ratio
Luxury SUVs	Low	High	Low
Compact Cars	Moderate	Moderate	Balanced
Trucks	Moderate	High	Low
Electric Vehicles	Very Low	High	Very Low

Pricing Trends

Used car prices are a dynamic reflection of supply, demand, and market conditions. Understanding the intricate pricing models and factors influencing these prices is crucial for both buyers and sellers navigating the current market. This section delves into the complexities of used car pricing, examining various models, current average prices, and the impact of online marketplaces.

Used Car Pricing Models

Used car pricing models often involve a combination of factors, including the car’s original price, its condition, mileage, and market demand. Dealers frequently use a combination of methods, like calculating depreciation based on age and mileage, applying market-based pricing from comparable sales, and adding a markup for their profit margin. Private sellers typically rely on online marketplaces and their own assessments, often comparing prices with listings of similar vehicles.

Factors Influencing Used Car Prices

Numerous factors contribute to the fluctuating nature of used car prices. These include: the vehicle’s year, make, and model; the overall condition (exterior, interior, mechanical); mileage; and the prevailing market demand. Specific features, such as upgraded options or unique equipment, also influence pricing. Furthermore, regional variations in demand and economic conditions impact local used car prices.

Current Average Prices for Various Used Car Models

Average prices for used cars vary significantly depending on the model, year, and condition. For example, a 2018 Honda Civic with low mileage and excellent condition might command a higher price than a similar model with higher mileage or visible damage. Data from various online marketplaces and automotive research sites provide insights into average pricing trends.

Comparative Pricing of Similar Used Cars from Different Years

The table below illustrates the price difference between comparable used car models from different years. This demonstrates how depreciation and market demand affect the pricing of older models.

Year	Model	Average Price (USD)
2020	Toyota Camry	25,000
2022	Toyota Camry	28,000
2023	Toyota Camry	30,000

Role of Online Marketplaces in Setting Used Car Prices

Online marketplaces play a significant role in setting used car prices. They provide a platform for buyers and sellers to compare prices, facilitating transparency and influencing market trends. The availability of extensive data on comparable sales on these platforms helps establish a competitive pricing range. The presence of numerous listings allows for broader price discovery, enabling a more accurate assessment of the current market value.

Average Price Differences Based on Mileage and Condition

The table below shows how mileage and condition influence the price of a specific model. This highlights the importance of detailed descriptions and accurate assessments of condition when listing or purchasing a used vehicle.

Mileage (Miles)	Condition	Average Price Difference (USD)
20,000	Excellent	+2,000
50,000	Good	+1,000
100,000	Fair	-1,500

Consumer Behavior

Used car buyers exhibit diverse purchasing behaviors, influenced by a multitude of factors. Understanding these behaviors is crucial for dealerships, manufacturers, and investors in the used car market. From online research to regional preferences, the motivations driving used car purchases are complex and dynamic.

Consumer decisions are shaped by a complex interplay of financial considerations, personal preferences, and market conditions. This interplay affects not only the choice of vehicle but also the willingness to pay for it. Factors like the buyer’s perceived value, the availability of financing options, and the overall market sentiment all contribute to the final purchase decision.

Purchasing Behavior of Used Car Buyers

Used car buyers often conduct extensive research before making a purchase. They typically compare prices, features, and reviews across multiple platforms. This thorough research underscores the importance of accurate and transparent information in the used car market. The online presence of used car listings and reviews significantly influences this behavior.

Factors Influencing Consumers’ Choices

Several factors impact a consumer’s decision to buy a particular used car. Price, condition, and mileage are primary considerations. Additionally, factors such as fuel efficiency, safety ratings, and the reputation of the manufacturer play a role. The buyer’s personal needs and preferences, including desired features and the overall aesthetic appeal of the vehicle, also influence the decision-making process.

Factors Influencing Willingness to Pay

The willingness of consumers to pay for used cars is directly related to the perceived value of the vehicle. Factors such as the vehicle’s condition, mileage, and features significantly affect the price consumers are willing to pay. Demand for specific models and features, combined with scarcity, can also drive up prices. Recent economic conditions, including inflation and interest rates, also affect purchasing power and the willingness to pay.

Role of Online Research and Reviews in Consumer Decision-Making

Online research and reviews play a pivotal role in the consumer decision-making process. Potential buyers extensively research vehicles through online platforms, scrutinizing reviews and comparing models. This reliance on online information highlights the importance of maintaining a strong online presence for used car dealerships and sellers. Positive reviews can significantly impact sales, while negative reviews can deter potential customers.

Comparison of Consumer Behavior in Different Regions

Consumer behavior varies across different regions. Cultural preferences, economic conditions, and local regulations can influence the choices of used car buyers. For instance, buyers in regions with stricter emission standards might prioritize vehicles meeting those requirements. Variations in the availability of financing options and the perceived value of specific car models also contribute to regional differences in purchasing patterns.

Motivations of Buyers for Specific Car Models or Features

Buyers often seek specific car models or features for various reasons. These reasons include the performance characteristics of a particular model, the aesthetic appeal of a specific design, or the practical advantages of certain features. For example, buyers might seek a fuel-efficient vehicle for cost-saving reasons or a spacious SUV for family needs. Demand for specific features like advanced safety technology, premium sound systems, or innovative infotainment features also influences buyer choices.

Distribution of Used Car Buyers by Age Group

Age Group	Percentage of Used Car Buyers
18-24	15%
25-34	25%
35-44	20%
45-54	20%
55+	20%

This table provides a general representation of used car buyer distribution by age group. It is important to note that these percentages may vary based on specific market segments and regional variations. Factors such as income, lifestyle, and family status further influence the purchasing decisions of used car buyers across all age groups.

Future Projections

The used car market is a dynamic landscape, constantly shaped by technological advancements, economic fluctuations, and shifting consumer preferences. Forecasting the market’s trajectory over the next 12 months requires careful consideration of these intertwined factors. This section explores potential future trends, highlighting the impact of emerging technologies, sustainable transportation, and economic conditions on the used car market.

Outlook for the Next 12 Months

The used car market is anticipated to experience a period of moderate growth, tempered by lingering inflationary pressures and a potentially cooling economy. While demand is expected to remain relatively robust, the pace of growth might be less dramatic than in previous years. Factors such as supply chain disruptions and fluctuating interest rates will influence pricing trends.

Potential Impacts of Emerging Technologies

The integration of advanced technologies like electric vehicle (EV) battery management systems and autonomous driving features is reshaping the used car market. Used EVs with advanced features are anticipated to see higher demand, potentially driving up their resale values. However, the availability of certified pre-owned EVs and the development of reliable used EV maintenance standards are still evolving, impacting the market’s maturity.

Trends in the Used Car Market

Several key trends are likely to shape the used car market over the next year. These include the growing popularity of electric vehicles and hybrid options, the increasing demand for vehicle connectivity features, and the evolution of repair and maintenance services for various vehicle types. Used car buyers will continue to be discerning, seeking models with high safety ratings, low mileage, and minimal maintenance needs.

Impact of Sustainable Transportation Options

The shift towards sustainable transportation options, including EVs and hybrids, will have a profound impact on the used car market. As EV technology matures and adoption increases, the resale value of used EVs is projected to remain competitive, potentially outperforming conventional used cars in specific market segments. The used car market is likely to see a rise in hybrid and electric models, affecting the demand for conventional gasoline-powered vehicles.

Impact of Inflation and Economic Changes

Inflationary pressures and potential economic downturns can significantly affect consumer spending on used cars. If economic conditions worsen, demand for used cars might soften, impacting pricing and market volume. Conversely, if the economy remains stable or improves, the market may see a moderate uptick in sales.

Examples of How New Technologies are Affecting the Used Car Market

The introduction of advanced safety features in used cars, such as adaptive cruise control and lane departure warning systems, is altering consumer preferences. Similarly, the rising adoption of electric vehicles is creating a new segment within the used car market, requiring specialized maintenance and repair knowledge.

Projected Price Growth/Decline for Different Car Models (Next 12 Months)

Car Model	Projected Price Change (%)
Compact Sedan (2018-2020)	+2%
Mid-Size SUV (2015-2017)	-1%
Luxury Sedan (2019-2021)	+5%
Electric SUV (2020-2022)	+3%
Hybrid Sedan (2018-2020)	+1%

*Note:* This table provides illustrative projections only. Actual price changes may vary based on specific market conditions, individual vehicle features, and other relevant factors.

Market Segmentation

The used car market is not a monolithic entity; rather, it comprises distinct segments based on various factors like vehicle type, condition, and price point. Understanding these segments is crucial for both consumers and sellers to navigate the market effectively. This segmentation allows for tailored marketing strategies and informed purchasing decisions.

Used Car Market Segments

The used car market is broadly divided into several segments, each with its own characteristics and pricing dynamics. These segments cater to diverse consumer needs and preferences.

• Luxury Vehicles: This segment encompasses high-end cars from prestigious brands known for their performance, features, and exclusivity. Models from manufacturers like Mercedes-Benz, BMW, and Audi often fall into this category. Luxury used cars frequently command premium prices compared to other segments due to their perceived prestige, rarity, and often meticulous maintenance records. Demand for luxury used cars often aligns with the overall luxury vehicle market, influenced by economic conditions and consumer preferences for premium brands.
• Economy Cars: This segment consists of affordable used vehicles often favored for their budget-friendly pricing. Models from brands like Honda, Toyota, and Ford frequently populate this category. These cars are typically sought after for their reliability and fuel efficiency, making them attractive to budget-conscious buyers. Pricing in this segment is highly sensitive to the overall market price of used vehicles and fluctuating fuel costs. Demand is driven by affordability and reliability, making them a popular choice for first-time car buyers and those on tighter budgets.
• Sports Cars: This segment encompasses used vehicles designed for performance and exhilarating driving experiences. Brands like Porsche, Chevrolet Corvette, and Mazda often produce sports cars. These vehicles frequently have higher prices compared to economy models due to their specialized engineering, rarity, and performance capabilities. Demand for sports cars is often influenced by current market trends and specific model popularity, with collectors seeking out rare or sought-after models.
• SUVs and Crossovers: This segment includes used sport utility vehicles and crossovers, popular for their practicality and versatility. Vehicles from manufacturers like Jeep, Ford, and Toyota often fall into this category. Pricing is influenced by factors like size, features, and fuel economy, with demand driven by consumer preference for space, functionality, and safety. The resale value of these vehicles is often affected by the condition of the vehicle and the specific model year.
• Trucks and Vans: This segment focuses on used commercial vehicles, including pickup trucks and vans. This segment caters to individuals and businesses needing cargo space and towing capabilities. Pricing is heavily influenced by the truck’s payload capacity, mileage, and maintenance history. Demand for this segment is driven by specific needs, such as moving or transporting goods, rather than consumer preference for a specific brand.

Pricing Factors in Different Segments

Several factors influence the pricing of used cars within each segment. These include the vehicle’s condition, mileage, model year, and features. Additionally, market demand, supply, and economic conditions play a crucial role.

• Condition: A used car’s condition significantly impacts its price. A vehicle with minimal wear and tear will typically command a higher price compared to one with significant damage or repairs needed.
• Mileage: Higher mileage often translates to a lower price, reflecting the increased wear and tear on the vehicle. Mileage is a critical factor for assessing the vehicle’s overall condition and potential maintenance needs.
• Model Year: Newer models often have higher prices due to their improved technology, features, and safety standards. This is especially relevant for luxury vehicles and those with significant technological upgrades.
• Features: Additional features, such as navigation systems, leather interiors, or advanced safety packages, can affect a vehicle’s price. Consumers are often willing to pay a premium for these added features.

Average Price and Demand Comparison

Average prices and demand vary significantly across used car segments. Luxury vehicles typically have higher average prices and lower demand compared to economy models. Sports cars and SUVs exhibit moderate prices and demand, influenced by consumer preferences and market trends.

Market Share of Used Car Segments

The market share of each segment is constantly evolving. Factors like consumer preference and economic conditions significantly influence market share. A comprehensive analysis of market share requires in-depth data from reliable market research sources.

Segment	Estimated Market Share (%)
Luxury	10-15%
Economy	25-30%
Sports	5-10%
SUVs/Crossovers	20-25%
Trucks/Vans	10-15%

Note: Market share percentages are approximate and can fluctuate based on market conditions.

Financing and Insurance

Navigating the used car market involves more than just finding the right vehicle. Understanding financing and insurance options is crucial for a smooth and financially responsible purchase. This section details the various avenues available, the factors influencing costs, and how to make informed decisions.

Used car financing and insurance present a range of options tailored to individual needs and financial situations. Choosing the right combination can significantly impact the overall cost and affordability of acquiring a used vehicle. Understanding the interplay between financing terms, interest rates, and insurance premiums is key to securing a favorable deal.

Financing Options for Used Cars

A variety of financing options are available for used car purchases. These range from traditional loans to specialized financing programs designed for specific circumstances. Lenders often assess creditworthiness to determine the interest rate and loan terms.

• Loans from Banks and Credit Unions: Banks and credit unions offer traditional auto loans, often requiring a good credit score. These loans typically come with fixed interest rates and established repayment schedules. Interest rates can vary widely depending on the borrower’s credit history and the prevailing market conditions.
• Dealer Financing: Dealers frequently offer in-house financing options, which can be attractive for those with less-than-perfect credit. However, interest rates might be higher compared to traditional bank loans. The terms and conditions should be carefully reviewed.
• Online Lending Platforms: Online platforms offer a wide array of used car loan options, sometimes providing faster approvals and more flexibility in terms. It’s important to compare interest rates and fees from different platforms to get the best deal.
• Government-backed loans: Some government programs provide incentives for specific demographics or individuals with lower credit scores. These loans may have more lenient criteria compared to standard options. The specific terms and eligibility criteria should be researched for such programs.

Insurance Options for Used Cars

A variety of insurance options exist for used vehicles. Coverage levels and premiums can vary based on the vehicle’s make, model, and year, as well as the driver’s history and location. Factors like the car’s safety features and its age significantly impact insurance costs.

• Liability Insurance: This is the most basic form of insurance, covering damages to others in the event of an accident. It does not cover damages to the insured vehicle.
• Collision Insurance: This coverage pays for damages to the insured vehicle regardless of who caused the accident.
• Comprehensive Insurance: This broader coverage extends beyond accidents, including damages from vandalism, theft, and natural disasters.
• Uninsured/Underinsured Motorist Coverage: This coverage protects against accidents involving drivers who do not have adequate insurance.

Factors Influencing Financing and Insurance Costs

Several factors influence the cost of financing and insurance for used cars. These include the vehicle’s condition, the buyer’s credit score, and market trends.

• Credit Score: A higher credit score typically translates to lower interest rates and more favorable loan terms.
• Vehicle History: The vehicle’s history, including any accidents or damage, significantly affects insurance premiums.
• Vehicle Age and Model: Older or less-popular models often have higher insurance premiums due to perceived risk.
• Insurance Company Reputation: Different insurance companies have varying pricing models. Comparing quotes from multiple providers is crucial.
• Geographic Location: Insurance rates can vary based on factors such as the area’s accident rates and the presence of specific risks.

Comparing Financing Options for Different Lenders

Comparing financing options across various lenders is essential for securing the best possible deal. Factors such as interest rates, loan terms, and fees should be considered. This involves researching different lenders and comparing their offers.

• Interest Rate Comparison: A crucial aspect is comparing interest rates across lenders to ensure a competitive offer.
• Loan Term Comparison: Consider the loan term’s impact on monthly payments and total interest paid.
• Fees and Charges: Examine any hidden fees, application fees, or other charges associated with the loan.

Role of Credit Scores in Obtaining Financing

Credit scores play a pivotal role in obtaining financing for used cars. A higher score often results in better terms and lower interest rates. Understanding how credit scores affect loan options is vital.

• Impact on Interest Rates: A strong credit score typically leads to lower interest rates, reducing the overall cost of the loan.
• Loan Approval Chances: A higher credit score generally increases the likelihood of loan approval.
• Potential for Higher Down Payments: Lower credit scores might require higher down payments to secure the loan.

Insurance Premium Comparison for Different Used Car Models

Insurance premiums vary significantly across different used car models. The following table illustrates potential premium differences based on hypothetical data.

Car Model	Estimated Annual Premium (USD)
Toyota Camry (2015)	1,200
Honda Civic (2018)	950
Ford Focus (2017)	1,100
Nissan Altima (2016)	1,050

Note: These are hypothetical figures for illustrative purposes only and do not reflect actual insurance premiums. Actual premiums depend on various factors.

Geographic Variations

The used car market isn’t a monolithic entity; its dynamics vary significantly across different regions. Factors like local regulations, economic conditions, and supply chain issues shape the landscape, impacting everything from pricing to consumer behavior. Understanding these regional differences is crucial for both consumers and businesses operating in the used car sector.

Regional variations in the used car market stem from a complex interplay of factors. Economic conditions, including local employment rates and disposable income, directly influence consumer demand and purchasing power. Government regulations, such as emissions standards and vehicle registration requirements, can significantly affect the availability and price of used vehicles. Additionally, the specific make and model of vehicles that are popular in a region, and the availability of those models in the used market, plays a critical role in the regional pricing trends. Furthermore, the prevalence of specific repair shops and mechanics in a region can impact the perceived value and condition of used vehicles.

Regional Differences in Used Car Market

The used car market exhibits substantial differences across regions, impacting pricing, demand, and supply. These variations are influenced by numerous factors.

• North America: The North American used car market is characterized by a high demand for certain models, often driven by consumer preferences for specific makes and models, and a large supply of used vehicles. The market is influenced by factors like vehicle import regulations, which can vary across different states and countries within the region. Fluctuations in the new car market can also influence the demand for used cars.
• Europe: The European used car market is highly regulated, with strict emission standards and vehicle safety requirements. These regulations impact the availability of older vehicles and influence pricing. The European Union’s common market impacts supply chain dynamics and trade across the region. Regional differences within Europe, such as between Eastern and Western European markets, also influence the supply and demand.
• Asia: The Asian used car market demonstrates a diverse range of characteristics across different countries. Rapid economic growth in some Asian countries drives demand, while others experience more subdued market conditions. Factors like the availability of financing options and government incentives also impact demand and supply.

Impact of Local Regulations

Local regulations play a significant role in shaping the used car market landscape. These regulations often influence the availability and pricing of vehicles.

• Emission Standards: Stringent emission standards, implemented in many regions, can limit the availability of older, less environmentally friendly vehicles. This can increase the demand for newer used cars, potentially impacting prices.
• Safety Regulations: Safety regulations regarding vehicle inspections and maintenance requirements can affect the perceived condition and value of used vehicles. Variations in these regulations across regions create price discrepancies for comparable models.
• Import/Export Restrictions: Import and export restrictions can influence the supply of used vehicles from other countries. These regulations can create localized shortages or surpluses, impacting the overall market dynamics.

Supply Chain Issues and Regional Impact

Supply chain disruptions have significantly impacted the used car market, with varying degrees of impact across different regions.

• Chip Shortages: The global chip shortage has affected the production of new vehicles, leading to a reduced supply of newer used vehicles. The impact of this shortage has been felt unevenly across different regions, depending on the extent of the new car production cutbacks.
• Transportation Delays: Transportation delays and shipping costs have impacted the movement of vehicles across borders, potentially creating shortages or surpluses in specific regions.
• Raw Material Shortages: Shortages of raw materials needed for vehicle production can create similar effects as chip shortages. The impact is felt across regions, but the severity varies.

Average Prices for Similar Used Cars

Regional differences in pricing are substantial. The following table provides a simplified comparison of average prices for similar used cars in different regions. Actual prices will vary based on specific model year, mileage, condition, and other factors.

Region	Average Price (USD) for a 2015 Sedan
North America (US)	$12,000
Europe (Germany)	$10,500
Asia (Japan)	$9,000